The KDA Feed & Fertilizer Laboratory tests samples for the KDA Dairy & Feed, and the Pesticide & Fertilizer programs. All samples are prepared by grinding to reduce particle size. Then samples will undergo proximal analysis to determine the concentration of macronutrients such as moisture, fat, and protein. We perform manual and automated methods of chemical analysis.

We also verify labelling claims of feed and fertilizer products that are sold in Kansas to provide economic protection for consumers. For example, if a label on a bag of animal feed claims a 10% protein guarantee, then a lab test should confirm that it contains 10% protein.

The focus of this testing process is providing test results in a timely manner to safeguard animal and plant health. We routinely examine animal feeds for drugs and antibiotics. Animal feeds are blended specifically for an animal species and by purpose. Thus, it is critical that medicated feeds contain a level of medication that matches the product label. In the case of monensin, this feed additive is beneficial for feed efficiency in cattle but is harmful and possibly lethal if fed to horses. We perform testing on feed samples for surveillance and complaints to determine if cross-contamination by feed additives or medications has occurred.

Another hot topic for animal health is the presence of mycotoxins, especially aflatoxin. Mycotoxins are produced by naturally occurring fungi. They are more likely to be produced in grains during growing periods with notably hot weather and drought stress. There is a wide range of symptoms and adverse health effects, some of which are life-threatening, if animals consume aflatoxin. It is also possible for aflatoxin to be consumed by humans if it is passed into animal products such as milk. The KDA Laboratory routinely tests livestock and pet foods for aflatoxin.

In this lab, we conduct manual titration of fertilizer samples to determine soluble potash content, which is potassium. The ground fertilizer sample is dissolved in water and then reagents are added to it including sodium tetraphenylboron. We also add thiazole yellow as the endpoint indicator for titration. When the solution turns a faint pink color, then we can determine how much reagent was added and calculate potash.

Fertilizer samples are primarily examined for label claim verifications. The most common test requests are for: nitrogen, potash, phosphorus, and sulfur. Samples are received from our agency field inspectors who visit manufacturing and distribution facilities where feed and fertilizer are produced and/or sold.